• Neurofibromatosis is caused by genetic mutations that are either inherited or are acquired spontaneously.
• The disease follows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance which means that a child can be affected even if one defective gene is inherited.
• Mutations (defects) in NF1 gene result in abnormal/no neurofibromin protein which causes NF1. defects in NF2 gene cause abnormality in/loss of protein called merlin leading to NF2 disease. Both these proteins have a role in cell growth regulation.
• The risk factors include:
• Family history

The condition cannot be cured, but symptoms can be reduced with the following treatments. It includes surgery, chemotherapy and radiation to cure or remove cancerous tumors.

Medication

Anticonvulsants: Have nerve-calming qualities that help relieve nerve pain.

Gabapentin . Pregabalin . Topiramate . Carbamazepine

Tricyclic antidepressants: Help in treating neuropathic pain.

Amitriptyline

Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs): Are a class of anti-depressant drugs. Some drugs, however, are used to treat nerve pain.

Duloxetine . Tramadol